Generate Ssh Key Via Git Bash

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Jul 25, 2019 Go to this address, and download Git for Windows, after the download install it with default settings; Open Git Bash that you just installed (Start-All Programs-Git-Git Bash) Type in the following: ssh-keygen -t rsa (when prompted, enter password, key name can stay the same). How to Generate SSH key for Git. SSH keys are an access credential used in SSH protocol (Secure Shell) which is a network protocol that helps to login from one computer to another securely, as well as to manage networks, operating systems, and configurations. This snippet is going to help you add an SSH key to the ssh-agent, generate a new SSH key, learn how to find the SSH key of your PC.

  1. Generate Ssh Key Via Git Bash Download
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  4. Generate Ssh Key Via Git Bash Online

Today’s post is for developers. If you use the Git version control system with a service such as GitHub, GitLab or Bitbucket to host and manage your projects source codes, you know that by default Git connects to remotes using the HTTPS protocol, which requires you to enter username and password every time you run a command such as git pull or git push.

Using the SSH protocol, you can connect and authenticate to servers to use their services. The three mentioned services allow Git to connect via SSH instead of HTTPS. Connecting with public key encryption dispenses typing username and password for every Git command.

You are going to see in this post how to use GitHub, GitLab and Bitbucket with SSH.

Jul 25, 2019  Just follow these 5 steps: Go to this address, and download Git for Windows, after the download install it with default. Open Git Bash that you just installed (Start-All Programs-Git-Git Bash). Type in the following: ssh-keygen -t rsa (when prompted, enter password, key. Quick steps: Create and use an SSH public-private key pair for Linux VMs in Azure.; 4 minutes to read +4; In this article. With a secure shell (SSH) key pair, you can create virtual machines (VMs) in Azure that use SSH keys for authentication, eliminating the need for passwords to sign in. The.pub file is your public key, and the other file is the corresponding private key. If you don’t have these files (or you don’t even have a.ssh directory), you can create them by running a program called ssh-keygen, which is provided with the SSH package on Linux/macOS systems and comes with Git for Windows. Dec 21, 2017 Where you install gitbash with developer defaults and generate ssh keys. Upload your public key to github settings- ssh keys. Switching GitHub Account in Git Bash. (For Windows Users.

Make sure an SSH client in installed

In order to connect using the SSH protocol, an SSH client must be installed on your system. If you use openSUSE, it should be already installed by default.

Just to make sure, open the terminal and run:

That command should output the version number of the SSH client being used:

In case the system informs that the ssh command was not found, you can install the OpenSSH client running:

Check for existing SSH keys

To connect using the SSH protocol, you need an SSH key pair (one private and the other public). If you have never used SSH, you can safely skip this topic and move on to the next. If you have ever used SSH (for instance, to remotely access a server), probably you already have an SSH key pair, in which case you don’t need to generate a new key pair.

To see if existing SSH keys are present, run:

That command should list the contents of the ~/.ssh folder, in which the SSH client stores its configuration files:

If you receive an error that there is no ~/.ssh directory or there are no files in it, don’t worry: it means you haven’t created an SSH key pair yet. If that is the case, proceed to the next topic.

By default, public SSH keys are named:

  • id_dsa.pub;
  • id_ecdsa.pub;
  • id_ed25519.pub; or
  • id_rsa.pub.

Inside my ~/.ssh folder, I have an SSH key pair (id_rsa.pub is the public key and id_rsa is the private key) created a year ago (Jul 18 2018).

For security reasons, it is recommended that you generate a new SSH key pair at least once a year. If you already have an SSH key pair that was created more than a year ago, it is recommended that you proceed to the next topic.

If you already have an SSH key pair and want to reuse it, you can skip the next topic.

Generate a new SSH key pair

To generate a new SSH key pair, run the following command (replace your_email@example.com with your email address):

It asks you where to save the private key (id_rsa).

Press Enter to accept the default location.

If you already have a private key, it asks whether it should overwrite:

If that happens, type y and press Enter.

Then, enter and re-enter a passphrase (think of it as a kind of password):

The SSH key pair is created in ~/.ssh.

The whole interaction should look similar to the following:

Add the private SSH key to the ssh-agent

If you don’t want to type your passphrase each time you use your SSH keys, you need to add it to the ssh-agent, which is a program that runs in background while you are logged in to the system and stores your keys in memory.

To start the ssh-agent in background, run the following:

That command outputs the ssh-agentprocess identifier:

Then, add your SSH private key to the ssh-agent:

Type your passphrase and press Enter:

The command confirms that the private SSH key has been added to the ssh-agent:

Add the public SSH key to your account

Once you have an SSH key and have added it to the ssh-agent, you can set up connecting via SSH. Let’s see how to do that for each of the three servers: GitHub, GitLab and Bitbucket.

In all the three cases, the process is similar. Start by copying your public SSH key (~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub) file contents to the clipboard using the xclip command:

xclip is a command line utility that allows access to the graphical interface clipboard from the terminal. If it is not installed, you can install it running:

GitHub

Using a browser, go to the GitHub home page at github.com and sign in to your account.

In the upper-right corner of the page, click your profile photo, then click Settings:

In the user settings sidebar, click SSH and GPG keys. Then click New SSH key.

Fill in the Title field with a descriptive label for the new key (for example, the name of your computer) and paste your public key into the Key field. Finally, click Add SSH key:

Now the key appears in the list of SSH keys associated with your account:

GitLab

Using a browser, go to the GitLab home page at gitlab.com and sign in to your account.

In the upper-right corner of the page, click your profile photo, then click Settings:

In the User Settings sidebar, click SSH Keys.

Paste your public key in the Key field. Fill in the Title field with a descriptive label for the new key (for example, the name of your computer). Finally, click Add key:

Now the key appears in the list of SSH keys associated with your account:

Bitbucket

Using a browser, go to the Bitbucket home page at bitbucket.org and log in to your account.

In the lower-left corner of the page, click your profile photo, then click Bitbucket settings:

In the Settings sidebar, in the Security section, click SSH keys. Then, click Add key.

Fill in the Label field with a descriptive label for the new key (for example, the name of your computer) and paste your public key into the Key field. Finally, click Add key:

Now the key appears in the list of SSH keys associated with your account:

Test connecting via SSH

GitHub, GitLab and Bitbucket allow you to test whether SSH connection has been set up correctly before actually using it with Git.

GitHub

After you’ve added your SSH key to your GitHub account, open the terminal and run:

That command attempts an SSH remote access to GitHub.

If that is the first time you connect to GitHub via SSH, the SSH client asks you if it can trust the public key of the GitHub server:

Type yes and press Enter. The SSH client adds GitHub to the list of trusted hosts:

Once added to the list of known hosts, you won’t be asked about GitHub’s public key again.

As this remote access via SSH is provided by GitHub just for testing, not for actual use, the server informs that you have successfully authenticated and terminates the connection:

Crysis 2 1.9 serial key generator. If you completed the test successfully, now you can use SSH with GitHub.

The whole interaction should look similar to the following:

GitLab

If you have added your SSH key to your GitLab account, the test is very similar:

If you completed the test successfully, now you can use SSH with GitLab.

Bitbucket

If you have added your SSH key to your Bitbucket account, the test is very similar:

If you completed the test successfully, now you can use SSH with Bitbucket.

Clone a repository using SSH

Now that we’ve got our SSH keys set up, let’s see how to clone a Git repository using SSH instead of HTTPS.

GitHub

At GitHub, go to a project’s repository, click Clone or download and copy the URL to clone the repository using SSH:

The URL of a GitHub repository looks like:

Open the terminal and run the git clone command passing the copied URL as argument.

Tip: to paste into the terminal, use Ctrl + Shift + V.

Note that now Git clones the repository without asking for a password:

Generate Ssh Key Via Git Bash Download

GitLab

At GitLab, go to a project’s repository, click Clone and copy the URL to clone the repository using SSH:

The URL of a GitLab repository looks like:

Open the terminal and run the git clone command passing the copied URL as argument:

Note that now Git clones the repository without asking for a password.

Bitbucket

At Bitbucket, go to a project’s repository, click Clone and copy the command to clone the repository using SSH:

Note that, differently from GitHub and GitLab that present the URL, Bitbucket presents the entire git clone command, including the URL.

The URL of a Bitbucket repository looks like:

Open the terminal, paste and run the command you copied from Bitbucket:

Note that now Git clones the repository without asking for a password.

Reconfigure existing repositories to use SSH

The repositories we clone from now on using SSH will continue to use SSH for future Git commands such as git pull and git push. But existing local repositories, previously cloned with HTTPS, will continue to use HTTPS, unless we set them up to use SSH.

To do that, open the terminal and change the current directory to a local repository.

List the existing remote repositories and their URLs with:

That command should output something like:

Change your remote repository’s URL with:

Run git remote -v once more to verify that the remote repository’s URL has changed:

Great. That done, Git will use SSH, instead of HTTPS, to synchronize that local repository with its remote equivalent.

References

I hope those tips can be useful to you as they have been to me since I started using Git. If you have any questions or trouble, don’t hesitate to comment! See you!

And always remember: have a lot of fun…

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Azure Repos Azure DevOps Server 2019 TFS 2018 TFS 2017 TFS 2015 Update 3

Connect to your Git repos through SSH on macOS, Linux, or Windows to securely connect using HTTPS authentication. On Windows, we recommended the use of Git Credential Managers or Personal Access Tokens.

Important

SSH URLs have changed, but old SSH URLs will continue to work. If you have already set up SSH, you should update your remote URLs to the new format:

  • Verify which remotes are using SSH by running git remote -v in your Git client.
  • Visit your repository on the web and select the Clone button in the upper right.
  • Select SSH and copy the new SSH URL.
  • In your Git client, run: git remote set-url <remote name, e.g. origin> <new SSH URL>. Alternatively, in Visual Studio, go to Repository Settings, and edit your remotes.

Note

As of Visual Studio 2017, SSH can be used to connect to Git repos.

How SSH key authentication works

SSH public key authentication works with an asymmetric pair of generated encryption keys. The public key is shared with Azure DevOps and used to verify the initial ssh connection. The private key is kept safe and secure on your system.

Set up SSH key authentication

The following steps cover configuration of SSH key authentication on the following platforms:

  • Linux
  • macOS running at least Leopard (10.5)
  • Windows systems running Git for Windows

Configure SSH using the command line. bash is the common shell on Linux and macOS and the Git for Windows installation adds a shortcut to Git Bash in the Start menu.Other shell environments will work, but are not covered in this article.

Step 1: Create your SSH keys

Note

If you have already created SSH keys on your system, skip this step and go to configuring SSH keys.

The commands here will let you create new default SSH keys, overwriting existing default keys. Before continuing, check your~/.ssh folder (for example, /home/jamal/.ssh or C:Usersjamal.ssh) and look for the following files:

  • id_rsa
  • id_rsa.pub

If these files exist, then you have already created SSH keys. You can overwrite the keys with the following commands, or skip this step and go to configuring SSH keys to reuse these keys.

Create your SSH keys with the ssh-keygen command from the bash prompt. This command will create a 2048-bit RSA key for use with SSH. You can give a passphrasefor your private key when prompted—this passphrase provides another layer of security for your private key.If you give a passphrase, be sure to configure the SSH agent to cache your passphrase so you don't have to enter it every time you connect.

This command produces the two keys needed for SSH authentication: your private key ( id_rsa ) and the public key ( id_rsa.pub ). It is important to never share the contents of your private key. If the private key iscompromised, attackers can use it to trick servers into thinking the connection is coming from you.

Step 2: Add the public key to Azure DevOps Services/TFS

Associate the public key generated in the previous step with your user ID.

  1. Open your security settings by browsing to the web portal and selecting your avatar in the upper right of theuser interface. Select Security in the menu that appears.

  2. Select SSH public keys, and then select + New Key.

  3. Copy the contents of the public key (for example, id_rsa.pub) that you generated into the Public Key Data field.

    Important

    Avoid adding whitespace or new lines into the Key Data field, as they can cause Azure DevOps Services to use an invalid public key. When pasting in the key, a newline often is added at the end. Be sure to remove this newline if it occurs.

  4. Give the key a useful description (this description will be displayed on the SSH public keys page for your profile) so that you can remember it later. Select Save to store the public key. Once saved, you cannot change the key. You can delete the key or create a new entry for another key. There are no restrictions on how many keys you can add to your user profile.

Step 3: Clone the Git repository with SSH

Note

To connect with SSH from an existing cloned repo, see updating your remotes to SSH.

  1. Copy the SSH clone URL from the web portal. In this example, the SSL clone URL is for a repo in an organization named fabrikam-fiber, as indicated by the first part of the URL after dev.azure.com.

    Note

    Project URLs have changed with the release of Azure DevOps Services and now have the format dev.azure.com/{your organization}/{your project}, but you can still use the existing visualstudio.com format. For more information, see VSTS is now Azure DevOps Services.

  2. Run git clone from the command prompt.

SSH may display the server's SSH fingerprint and ask you to verify it.

For cloud-hosted Azure DevOps Services, where clone URLs contain either ssh.dev.azure.com or vs-ssh.visualstudio.com, the fingerprint should match one of the following formats:

  • MD5: 97:70:33:82:fd:29:3a:73:39:af:6a:07:ad:f8:80:49 (RSA)
  • SHA256: SHA256:ohD8VZEXGWo6Ez8GSEJQ9WpafgLFsOfLOtGGQCQo6Og (RSA)These fingerprints are also listed in the SSH public keys page.

For self-hosted instances of Azure DevOps Server, you should verify that the displayed fingerprint matches one of the fingerprints in the SSH public keys page.

SSH displays this fingerprint when it connects to an unknown host to protect you from man-in-the-middle attacks.Once you accept the host's fingerprint, SSH will not prompt you again unless the fingerprint changes.

When you are asked if you want to continue connecting, type yes. Git will clone the repo and set up the origin remote to connect with SSH for future Git commands.

Tip

Avoid trouble: Windows users will need to run a command to have Git reuse their SSH key passphrase.

Questions and troubleshooting

Q: After running git clone, I get the following error. What should I do?

Host key verification failed.fatal: Could not read from remote repository.

A: Manually record the SSH key by running:ssh-keyscan -t rsa domain.com >> ~/.ssh/known_hosts

Q: How can I have Git remember the passphrase for my key on Windows?

A: Run the following command included in Git for Windows to start up the ssh-agent process in Powershell or the Windows Command Prompt. ssh-agent will cacheyour passphrase so you don't have to provide it every time you connect to your repo.

If you're using the Bash shell (including Git Bash), start ssh-agent with:

Q: I use PuTTY as my SSH client and generated my keys with PuTTYgen. Can I use these keys with Azure DevOps Services?

A: Yes. Load the private key with PuTTYgen, go to Conversions menu and select Export OpenSSH key.Save the private key file and then follow the steps to set up non-default keys.Copy your public key directly from the PuTTYgen window and paste into the Key Data field in your security settings.

Q: How can I verify that the public key I uploaded is the same key as I have locally?

A: You can verify the fingerprint of the public key uploaded with the one displayed in your profile through the following ssh-keygen command run against your public key usingthe bash command line. You will need to change the path and the public key filename if you are not using the defaults.

You can then compare the MD5 signature to the one in your profile. This check is useful if you have connection problems or have concerns about incorrectlypasting in the public key into the Key Data field when adding the key to Azure DevOps Services.

Q: How can I start using SSH in a repository where I am currently using HTTPS?

A: You'll need to update the origin remote in Git to change over from a HTTPS to SSH URL. Once you have the SSH clone URL, run the following command:

You can now run any Git command that connects to origin.

Q: I'm using Git LFS with Azure DevOps Services and I get errors when pulling files tracked by Git LFS.

Generate Ssh Key Via Git Bash Free

A: Azure DevOps Services currently doesn't support LFS over SSH. Use HTTPS to connect to repos with Git LFS tracked files.

Q: How can I use a non default key location, i.e. not ~/.ssh/id_rsa and ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub?

A: To use keys created with ssh-keygen in a different place than the default, you do two things:

  1. The keys must be in a folder that only you can read or edit. If the folder has wider permissions, SSH will not use the keys.
  2. You must let SSH know the location of the keys. You make SSH aware of keys through the ssh-add command, providing the full path to the private key.

On Windows, before running ssh-add, you will need to run the following command from included in Git for Windows:

This command runs in both Powershell and the Command Prompt. If you are using Git Bash, the command you need to use is:

You can find ssh-add as part of the Git for Windows distribution and also run it in any shell environment on Windows.

On macOS and Linux you also must have ssh-agent running before running ssh-add, but the command environment on these platforms usuallytakes care of starting ssh-agent for you.

Generate Ssh Key Via Git Bash Free

Q: I have multiple SSH keys. How do I use different SSH keys for different SSH servers or repos?

A: Generally, if you configure multiple keys for an SSH client and connect to an SSH server, the client can try the keys one at a time until the server accepts one.

However, this doesn't work with Azure DevOps for technical reasons related to the SSH protocol and how our Git SSH URLs are structured. Azure DevOps will blindly accept the first key that the client provides during authentication. If that key is invalid for the requested repo, the request will fail with the following error:

For Azure DevOps, you'll need to configure SSH to explicitly use a specific key file. One way to do this to edit your ~/.ssh/config file (for example, /home/jamal/.ssh or C:Usersjamal.ssh) as follows:

Q: What notifications may I receive about my SSH keys?

Generate Ssh Key Via Git Bash Online

A: Whenever you register a new SSH Key with Azure DevOps Services, you will receive an email notification informing you that a new SSH key has been added to your account.

Q: What do I do if I believe that someone other than me is adding SSH keys on my account?

A: If you receive a notification of an SSH key being registered and you did not manually upload it to the service, your credentials may have been compromised.

The next step would be to investigate whether or not your password has been compromised. Changing your password is always a good first step to defend against this attack vector. If you’re an Azure Active Directory user, talk with your administrator to check if your account was used from an unknown source/location.